Common warts are firm and raised with rough edges like a cauliflower.The characteristic appearance of different types of warts are as follows: biopsy and histological studies).Ĭutaneous warts are generally diagnosed on appearance. Patients presenting with any of these symptoms should be referred to a dermatologist for further assessment (e.g. These include: asymmetry (lack of mirror image lesion in any of the four quadrants of the body) irregular border two or more colours in the lesion diameter of more than 7mm. Is there any lymphadenopathy? Does the patient have a temperature?Īny pigmented lesions should be checked for red flags suggestive of melanoma. Examine the nails, scalp, hair and mucous membranes. Feel the surface, consistency, mobility, tenderness and temperature (use gloves to prevent infection). lichenification, crusting, excoriation (scratch marks), ulceration, erosion, fissure (thin crack), hypertrophy (increase in skin) or granuloma?) Is there a clear defined border? Is it regular? What is the largest diameter of lesion? Is there colour? Are there any secondary changes (e.g. Where on the body are the lesions? How many lesions are there? If there are multiple lesions, do they follow a pattern or are they on a specific area? When clinically assessing skin lesions, the following steps are useful to aid diagnosis, This article will not discuss anogenital warts or seborrhoeic (keratoses) warts. Someone with a plantar wart should use waterproof plasters in communal bathing areas verruca socks are also available. Verrucas are plantar warts, located on the sole of the foot, Studies suggest that the bovine papilloma virus (which is related) can retain infectivity for months and possibly years, and the same may be true for HPV showers and swimming pools skin penetration increases if the skin is broken or wet) HPV infection is acquired from direct contact, which may be person-to-person or from the environment (e.g. ![]() HPV infects the keratinocytes, the most dominant cell type in the epidermis, which results in development of epidermal thickening and hyperkeratinisation. They are caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), of which there are over 150 genotypically different types the most common are HPVs 1, 2, 4, 27 and 57, and HPVs 3 and 10 for plane (flat) warts. Warts are common viral skin infections, affecting around 7–12% of the population at any one time, and are more common in children
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